Northern Mindanao, officially designated as Region X, is an administrative region in the Philippines occupying the northern-central section of Mindanao. It covers 5 provinces, namely, Bukidnon, Camiguin, Lanao del Norte, Misamis Occidental, and Misamis Oriental, as well as 2 highly urbanized cities. The regional center is the City of Cagayan de Oro.

Its population as determined by the 2020 Census was 5,022,768. This represented 19.13% of the overall population of the Mindanao island group, or 4.61% of the entire population of the Philippines. Based on these figures, the population density is computed at 246 inhabitants per square kilometer or 636 inhabitants per square mile.